Looks like an open to me. On the open you can't see the guts. What really scared me is the c clip. That axle doesn't use c clips. I would pull the axles and hubs to check for shrapnel. Rod out the axle tubes and put 5 cans of brake cleaner through them. Give the wheel bearings a thorough inspection. If you don't get any more fragments put it back together and fill it up.
If you want a different diff in there check the gear pattern and the backlash BEFORE you remove the old one. When the new one goes in make the pattern and backlash EXACTLY the same as it was before or the ring and pinion will buy the farm in short order. If you want new gears now is the time. I am paranoid so I would change the gear lube out after a few hundred miles and double check everything.
2x on cleaning everything. When the truck 12 bolt in our 84 Burb fried the axle bearings ( due to us having more weight in the back than we realized and the truck being old), once we got it home and up on jack stands, I got under it and opened up the case. Pulled the cover, the bolt that holds the pin and C clips in, and then we pulled the axles.
That's why I recognized those bits as roller bearings and part of the cage; that's what those bearings looked like.
Anyway, after the nasty glittery oil was drained, we made a bore brush for the axle tubes from a 1x2 and a red shop rag. Ran it down the tube till I could see it in the center section, then pulled it out, spinning it around both times. Did this several times in both sides. Used a bunch of spray brake cleaner too. Maybe a little overkill, but we got it back together and we never had any more trouble with the rear end in that Burb ( for like 6 or 7 years more that we drove it).
The worst part of it was having to grind parts of the outer races on those exploded bearings, when they wouldn't come out with the slap hammer puller.