That is one nice looking Cobra replica! My nephew is building one of these kits with his son, which is pretty cool.
Thanks! Back in '00, the kit that the brothers running Factory Five offered just
seemed to have as much focus on the Go as the Show. And it's
held up despite 20+ seasons of enthusiastic usage. As for your
nephew & his son, they will be making memories in addition to the
car. For example, we had Paul's son install & torque the cylinder
heads to the engine. Now every time we finish a ride I'm always sure
to tell him, "Good Job torquing those heads -- they didn't blow
clean off the motor -- Again!" We always chuckle over that. :0)
Paul's son bringing up the torque in stages. Good focus, nice sense of accomplishment after.
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So, as I alluded to a few posts ago, I’m trying to embrace a ‘beginner’s mind’ with regard to the subject, and have been reading and watching youtube videos. As a result both my crimped and my soldered joints have improved substantially. At least it seems so.
It may sound odd, but electrical stuff makes me nervous. I’ve been stranded (no pun intended) by wiring issues twice, and nearly a third time, in the past couple of months. I really dislike that, and my gf likes it even less, because she just wants the Suburban to do its job and get us and our camping trailer to wherever we’re going.
Automotive electrical can seem to be a bit overwhelming, if for no
other reason than the sheer quantity of circuits & associated wiring.
One thing that may help is to divide & conquer. By that I mean that
you should divide all the wiring into, say 3 groups:
* Group (A) = showstopper circuits. (ie: The ones where your gf will
absolutely know if it were to fail. The circuits that will make you have
to walk home when it fails.) Wiring for the starter, engine support,
the electric fuel pump, etc.
* Group (B) = Nice to Have circuits. Losing the air conditioner or
fuel quantity gauge won't keep you from returning home, but it's nice to have.
* Group (c) = all the misc. stuff like a heated seat, one of the rear speakers
not playing, dome light doesn't work, etc. NOTE: You would be surprised
just how much of the wiring harness is for stuff like a remote starter
or other non-essential functions.
Saying it another way, if you figure out which circuits are the essential ones,
and then carefully inspect only those wires & correct anything that isn't up
to original specification, then you can truthfully say that you have a '99
Suburban shell with a 2023 wiring harness. Might sound crazy, but we're
only talking 5-10% of the entire harness. And IF you do this, when your
gf asks you is the 'burban going to make it without fail, you can answer
confidently that it will.
Keep one more thing in mind -- all the wiring harness that never moves
never really ages. 99% of all wiring harness trouble is either in the
connector and/or the first couple of inches closest to the connector. (!)
So in reality let's say that you identify 20 wires that will put you on the
side of the road. You only need to locate and clean/inspect/verify
each end of those 20 wires right in the vicinity of the connectors.
(Salvage title cars excluded -- you can find weird stuff like logically
unrelated yet physically adjacent wires shorted to each other because
somebody's drill went too deep and stabbed a harness while attempting
to repair collision damage...) And of course if the vehicle sat & critters
started chewing the wires then a full length harness visual inspection is
your only recourse.
I believe this approach works because for years we have been driving
down south and bringing back our next DD. (I'm getting too old to
fix any more rust buckets. :0) A couple of times we got a great
deal on a rust-free ride because the seller disclosed that the car had
electrical issues making the car unreliable. (Which kills the value for most
folks.)
Instead of waiting for the electrical gremlins to put us on the side of the
road while commuting, or going to the hospital, etc., we would instead work
methodically through the showstopper circuits & end up with a great
reliable DD for cheap. And once we trusted the car,
then we could tinker with
the radio that quits playing when you hit the railroad tracks at our leisure.
One more thing about this approach. Troubleshooting wiring when it's
failed is super stressful, for you don't know if you are going to find
the problem in a reasonable amount of time.
On the other hand, if the vehicle is working, and you are taking what you
found in the wiring diagrams and tracing/inspecting that circuit in the
real world, it's 99% less stressful. If your 'burban was 2 years old this
might be in the crazy prepper category. But once a vehicle is 22+ years
old, it's just prudent if you are going to drive something further away
from the house than you are willing to walk. :0)
Speaking of grounds: without the battery installed I checked the resistance between my battery to body ground cable (attached to the aforementioned rivnut) and the main battery ground cable, and came up with 0.2 ohms. The resistance between the main ground cable and a spot on the fender well where the paint came off from something like battery acid reads 0.2 ohms. Likewise between the alternator case and the main battery ground cable. The resistance between the crimped lug against the rivnut and the alternator housing is zero. It appears that
there’s 0.2 ohms of resistance between the main battery ground and the body. I’m wondering if that amount of resistance is within acceptable limits, or not. I’ll read up on it, of course, including
@Road Trip ’s thoughtfully provided NASA spec. If you or someone else here has any insight on this, please feel free to share it.
Anyway, thanks again for your excellent post!
With normal consumer-grade multimeters, the gross electrical malfunctions
are easy to find/fix. But when you get close to the limits of their resolution
(and it's getting hard to get a repeatable reading) ...then that's when electricity
seems like pure voodoo.
For example, if you need to tell if a sensor's resistance is either 40 ohms vs
400 ohms, no problem. But when you are asking this same meter to measure
0.0 ohms vs 0.2 ohms, you are at/near the limit of the meter's ability to
discern the difference repeatably.
Big picture? In a home we have 120/240 volts to work with. If the grid
sags a handful of volts you probably won't even notice the difference.
Conversely, in our vehicles we only have a grand total of
~12 volts to work with.
We can't afford to lose hardly *anything* without weird behavior
commencing.
And get this, all of our engine sensors communicate with the ECU with
less than half of battery voltage! Regulated
5.0 volt power is sent
out to the sensors, and then the sensors will vary the
voltage back to the computer.
A good example is the TPS (Throttle Position Sensor) where
(round numbers) ~0.5 volt represents a closed throttle, and
~5 volts is wide open throttle. When you only have a few volts
to work with, again we can afford to lose precious little before
wonky behavior sets in. (!)
This is why all the experts in this forum are always emphasizing
clean, conductive grounds in new condition IF you wish to have
a vehicle as reliable as it was when it was first built. (!) Same
goes for the positive side of the circuit -- whether it's hot to
the battery, starter, alternator, or power distribution box(es).
****
So when your affordable meter is asked to do more than it
can deliver, you the troubleshooter may start to believe what
others say about electricity being incomprehensible.
But working with electricity is just like working on mechanical
stuff. Trying to work on your car with cheap/too small hand tools is a
sure-fire recipe for frustration instead of a good fix.
Same goes for electricity/electronics test equipment - check
this out:
The first step up from a consumer grade multimeter is to invest
in a Fluke like the pros use. Check out the Tip at the bottom
of this screen snap, and see if it sounds familiar to you?
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(credit: Fluke.com (
LINK)
But even if you spend $449 for a Fluke 87-V, the maximum
resolution for resistance is 0.1 ohms. (
Link)
But there are dedicated meters to measure very small resistances,
like the high current connections on our vehicles. If you had to
rely on the measurements for a living, you would purchase
this Amprobe -- no problem resolving down to 0.1
milliohms.
(100 micro-ohms) This is 1000x the resolution of the gold
standard Fluke multimeter!
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For mere mortals / advanced hobbyists, this $120 milliohmeter might be
the best bang/buck: (
Link)
The last item to look at is where Analog Devices shows you how to brew up
your very own milliohm meter using a breadboard and a handful of their chips.
(Very cool -
link)
Believe it or not, once you spend some time in the neighborhood
of very low resistance measurements, you stop talking about
Ohms and instead talk about Mhos. (NOTE: I was taught Mhos,
but they have since changed the name -- nope, I find that Mhos
as backwards Ohms is a great mnemonic. (
Link)
****
The only reason I know about this stuff is that all of our Avionics
black boxes had to be 'bonded' to the aircraft in order to share
a common ground plane -- otherwise, the resulting RFI
(Radio Frequency Interference) from poor grounding/bonding would
impact the noise floor of all the magic bits in functionally unrelated
boxes. (ie: The box searching for the tiny GPS satellite signal can't
do it's job because the leaky radar package is drowning it out.)
Bottom line, the aircraft would not perform to it's full potential.
Worse, attempting to unwind undesirable interactions like this
could be counterintuitive & stimulate the use of a large bore
parts cannon, adding unknowns to the mix & making a
further mess of the situation.
I have fixed many hangar queens by careful inspection of wiring
harnesses at the connectors, pin retention tests of the connectors
themselves, and then the truly weird stuff with re-bonding all my
finicky black boxes. And there's a parallel here, in that we were
flying 20-25 year old military fighters as if they were new, and I
think that they age in dog years due to the 9G stresses.
Given all this, asking an older GMT400's electrical subsystem
to work reliably is not out of the question. And it isn't that
hard. If you can get a 0.0 ohm reading out of your meter
on a high current path (like you did) then 0.2 ohm is not your friend.
****
I sincerely apologize for the length, but after all this if I ask you
to get as close to 0.0 ohms as you can on any high current
connection in our limited 12-volt world, I am serious about that...
for I don't want your gf to want you to get rid of your GMT400 and
get into something newer. (Heck, plenty of newer stuff breaks
too! :0)
Remember, keep the mission-critical circuits in new condition &
you will gain the reliability AND lose the fear of the aging
wiring harness.
Enjoy your upcoming adventure --