Some wheel acid (aluminum brighter) and 0000 steel wheel with elbow grease might get you where you want.
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A quick way to mask the tire before painting the rim is to cut a strip of thin sheet metal with tinsnips long and broad enough to create an overlap ring/collar. Insert the collar in the groove between the tire and the rim. Use your imagination to fasten the overlap ends. I hold the overlap ends with my hand while spraying.