"max A/C" actually is just recirc.
It keeps recycling cool cabin air to make it colder rather than drawing in ambient.
There's diminishing returns there though as it will eventually fog your windshield (from you breath being recycled). that's why it disables recirc if you're on defrost.
To the best of my knowledge, the GMT 400 AC system is a "dumb" system. meaning: you set it and it drives to that setting regardless of temperatures as it has no idea what the temps are anyways.
If it's going on and off recirc uncommanded, you probably have a repair bill in your future. Possibly the head unit as that's where the control is. Not much in there either.
Or, just run it an chalk the behavior up to another one of those "old truck" idiosyncrasies.....